c++ - What hashing method is implemented in standard unordered containers? -


since language standards mandate implementation methods, i'd know real world hashing method used c++ standard library implementations (libc++, libstdc++ , dinkumware).

in case it's not clear, expect answer method these :

  • hashing chaining
  • hashing division / multiplication
  • universal hashing
  • perfect hashing (static, dynamic)
  • hashing open addressing (linear/quadratic probing or double hashing)
  • robin-hood hashing
  • bloom filters
  • cuckoo hashing

knowing why particular method chosen on others thing well.

  • libstdc++: chaining, power-of-two table size, default (if configurable) load threshold rehashing 1.0, buckets separate allocations. outdated. don't know current state of things.
  • rust: robin hood, default load threshold rehashing 0.9 (too open addressing, btw)
  • go: table slots point "bins" of 5(7?) slots, not sure happens if bin full, afair growing in vector/arraylist manner
  • java: chaining, power-of-two table size, default load threshold 0.75 (configurable), buckets (called entries) separate allocations. in recent versions of java, above threshold, chains changed binary search trees.
  • c#: chaining, buckets allocated flat array of bucket structures. if array full, rehashed (with table, suppose) in vector/arraylist manner.
  • python: open addressing, own unique collision-resolution scheme (not fortunate, imho), power-of-two table sizes, load threshold rehashing 0.666.. (good). however, slot data in separate array of structures (like in c#), i. e. hash table operations touch @ least 2 different random memory locations (in table , in array of slot data)

if points missed in descriptions, doesn't mean absent, means don't know/remember details.


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